Class: Xanthine

Mechanism Of Action: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle but does not act on adrenergic receptors. Stimulates respiratory center in the brain. Mild diuretic effects: increases heart rate and cardiac output, may precipitate arrhythmias.

Indications: Bronchial asthma. Reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. CHF, pulmonary edema.

Contraindications: Patients with uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias. Hypersensitivity.

Precautions: History of cardiovascular disease or hypertension. Hypotension can occur following rapid administration. Monitor with cardiac monitor and be alert for PVC’s and tachycardia.

Side Effects: Tachycardia, dysrhythmias, palpitations, chest pains, nervousness, headache, seizures

Dosage: Non-CHF: 250-500mg in 100ml NS and infused over 20-30 min.

CHF: 250-500mg (2-5mg/kg) in 20ml and infused 20-30min